How did the makers of he constitution try to fix some of the problems that existed under the Articles of Confederation?

They listened to the people, Since many in the states didn't like the last document, they wouldn't accept the new one (the constitution) until it had written in rights that people deserved, IE the amendments. So basically the government listened to the people and let people give ideas to make the new document more solid than the last.

Also, the Articles created a lot of issues between state vs. government authority. Many aspects of the Constitution place a focus on federalism - or who gets what power. For example, the states can collect taxes from their own people. Under the articles, the federal government couldn't collect a tax without state permission. States didn't want federal interference, but the federal government needed money too. The Constitution fixed this by defining the ability for both sectors to tax. Many issues like this were solved. Federalism standards were established to avoid major conflict.