Peter the Great is to Russia as Emperor Meiji

is to

(1) Mongolia (3) India

(2) Japan (4) Korea

This question requires one to understand what Peter the Great's relation to Russia was - he was the Czar of Russia in the early 1700s. As such we must know the country Emperor Meiji ruled over, the answer to which is 2. Japan where he ruled from the late 1800s to the early 1900s.