What was the significance of Japanese military culture on President Truman's decision to use atomic weapons to end the war?

Harry S. Truman I don't think this is correct, the war ended in a stalemate months after Truman was no longer president. By this time the soviets also had nuclear weapons an ... d they backed North Korea so the use of an atomic weapon would have been reckless to say the least. i think you are confused with the 2nd world war in which atom bombs were used by Truman to punish the Japanese. Editor's Note: President Eisenhower is the correct President for this answer. According to one author of Wikipedia, under the heading of Dwight D. Eisenhower: "As President, Eisenhower threatened to use nuclear weapons, forcing China to agree to a cease-fire of the Korean War. He maintained pressure on the Soviet Union during the Cold War, gave priority to inexpensive nuclear weapons and reduced the other forces to save money." I could not have said it any better than that author so I had to quote him. (I think it was Graham87 but I am uncertain it was him for certain.)

It was the "never surrender" mentality of the Japanese army. The thought was of dealing with a million or 2 million US lives to invade Japan. The use of the atomic weapon was to save lives.