Nicolaus Copernicus challenged established authority when he A. used astrology to promote the science of astronomy B. proposed that the earth revolves around the sun C. used alchemy to find the philosopher's stone D. supported Martin Luther and Protestantism

The most influential and "game-changing" discovery of Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus was the fact, that he was able to prove that Earth revolves around the Sun. Few people earlier tried to prove that thesis, but were unable to do that, so they were burned at the stake.