What was Sir Isaac Newton's major breakthrough and how did it change scientific thinking?

When he saw the apple falling beside him, he start thinking : how and why the apple keeps falling down? What attracts the apple to the ground? After much research, he conclued that the Earth has a gravity like any planet or cosmic object. This gravity pulls objects towards the ground, allowing the existence of an atmosphere and preventing items from floating in the air. This scientific discovery has changed dramatically science in that time and it allowed us to invent machines that defy the law of gravity.