In Lincoln High School, 8% of the students are in the math club, 16% are in the science club, and 3% are in both clubs. What is the probability that a randomly selected student is in the math club, given that the same student is in the science club?

Let the probability that the student is in math club be P (M) and the probability that the student is in science club be P (S)

P (MIS) = [P (M and S) ]/P (S)

P (M and S) = 0.03, P (M) = 0.08 and P (S) = 0.16

plugging the values in the formula we obtain:

P (MIS) = [0.03]/0.16=0.1875