A researcher posts a magazine advertisement offering $24 in exchange for participation in a short study. The researcher accepts the first six people who respond to the advertisement. Which of the following statements is true about the sample?

It is not a valid sample because it is not a random sample of the population.

It is a valid sample because the first six people were selected to participate.

It is a valid sample because money was offered to participants.

It is not a valid sample because it is only a short study.

Commons

"How did Faulkner pull it off?" is a question many a fledgling writer has asked themselves while struggling through a period of apprenticeship like that novelist John Barth describes in his 1999 talk "My Faulkner." Barth "reorchestrated" his literary heroes, he says, "in search of my writerly self ... downloading my innumerable predecessors as only an insatiable green apprentice can." Surely a great many writers can relate when Barth says, "it was Faulkner at his most involuted and incantatory who most enchanted me." For many a writer, the Faulknerian sentence is an irresistible labyrinth. His syntax has a way of weaving itself into the unconscious, emerging as fair to middling imitation.

While studying at Johns Hopkins University, Barth found himself writing about his native Eastern Shore Maryland in a pastiche style of "middle Faulkner and late Joyce." He may have won some praise from a visiting young William Styron, "but the finished opus didn't fly-for one thing, because Faulkner intimately knew his Snopses and Compsons and Sartorises, as I did not know my made-up denizens of the Maryland marsh." The advice to write only what you know may not be worth much as a universal commandment. But studying the way that Faulkner wrote when he turned to the subjects he knew best provides an object lesson on how powerful a literary resource intimacy can be