How does the process of convection within the earth drive the creation of various earth features?

The process is a mechanism known as mantle convection

Explanation:

Mantle convection is the driving mechanism for plate tectonics, which is the process ultimately responsible for producing earthquakes, mountain ranges, and volcanos on Earth.

This mechanism occurs in four different patterns

Collision: this is the shoving together of two continental plates Subduction: this is the plunging of one plate beneath another Spreading: this is the pushing apart of two plates Transform faulting: this occurs when two plates slide past each other