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4 February, 04:55

What happens when a molecule with a dipole is put in an electric field

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  1. 4 February, 08:54
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    Many molecules have such dipole moments due to non-uniform or uneven distribution of the positive and negative charges on the atoms. Example are polar compounds like HCl, H2O, HF.

    There are 3 types of molecular dipoles:

    • Instantaneous dipole

    • Permanent dipole

    • induced dipole

    A molecule with a dipole is placed in an external electric field, it results in a torque (force x distance) that aligns it with the external field.

    If a nonpolar atom (or molecule) is placed in an external field, it gains an induced dipole that is aligned with the external field.
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