A cylinder fitted with a piston exists in a high-pressure chamber (3 atm) with an initial volume of 1 L. If a sufficient quantity of a hydrocarbon material is combusted inside the cylinder to produce 1 kJ of energy, and if the volume of the chamber then increases to 1.5 L, what percent of the fuel's energy was lost to friction and heat?

A. 15%

B. 30%

C. 85%

D. 100%

C. 85%

Explanation:

A cylinder fitted with a piston exists in a high-pressure chamber (3 atm) with an initial volume of 1 L. If a sufficient quantity of a hydrocarbon material is combusted inside the cylinder to produce 1 kJ of energy, and if the volume of the chamber then increases to 1.5 L, what percent of the fuel's energy was lost to friction and heat?

A. 15%

B. 30%

C. 85%

D. 100%

work done by the system will be

W=PdV

p=pressure

dV=change in volume

3tam will be changed to N/m^2

3*1.01*10^5

W=3.03*10^5 * (1.5-1)

convert 0.5L to m^3

5*10^-4

W=3.03*10^5*5*10^-4

W=152J

therefore

to find the percentage used

152/1000*100

15%

100%-15%

85% uf the fuel's energy was lost to friction and heat