A 0.650 kg hammer is moving horizontally at 4.00 m/s when it strikes a nail and comes to rest after driving it 1.00 cm into a board. (a) Calculate the duration of the impact.

(b) What was the average force exerted on the nail?

a) 0.005s

b) F = - 520 N, this is taking the direction into account.

Explanation:

let d be the distance covered by the hummer and nail, a be the acceleration of the hummer and nail

a) m = 0.650 kg

Vi = 4.00 m/s

d = 0.01 m

(Vf) ^2 = (Vi) ^2 + 2 (a) (d)

0 = (4) ^2 + 2 (a) (0.01)

a = - 800 m/s^2

then:

Vf = Vi + at

0 = 4 + (-800) t

t = 0.005s

Therefore, the impact lasted for 0.005s.

b) the average force is given by:

F = ma = (0.650) (-800) = - 520 N

Therefore, the magnitude of the average force is 520 N.