17. (a) What is the terminal voltage of a large 1.54-V carbon-zinc dry cell used in a physics lab to supply 2.00 A to a circuit, if the cell's internal resistance is 0.100 Ω? (b) How much electrical power does the cell produce? (c) What power goes to its load?

a) 1.34 Volts

b) 3.08 W

c) 2.68 W

Explanation:

Given:

Emf of the cell, E = 1.54 V

current, i = 2.0 A

internal resistance, r = 0.100Ω

(a) Terminal voltage (V) = E - v

where,

v is the potential difference across the resistance 'r'

now,

according to the Ohm's Law, we have

v = i * r

substituting the values in the above equation we get

v = 2.0 * 0.100 = 0.2 Volts

thus,

Terminal voltage (V) = (1.54 - 0.2) = 1.34 V

(b) Now, the Total power (P) is given as

P = E * i = (1.54 * 2.0) = 3.08 W

(c) Power into its load = [terminal voltage, v] * i

= (1.34 * 2.0) = 2.68 W