A hot air balloon is ascending at a rate of 12 m/s. when it is 80m above the ground, a package is dropped over the side of he passenger basket. What is the speed of the package just before it hits the ground?

41.4 m/s

Explanation:

Consider downward direction of motion as negative

v₀ = initial velocity of the package as it is dropped over the side = 12 m/s

v = final velocity of the package just before it hits the ground

y = vertical displacement of the package = - 80 m

a = acceleration = - 9.8 m/s²

Using the kinematics equation

v² = v₀² + 2 a y

v² = 12² + 2 ( - 9.8) ( - 80)

v² = 144 + 1568

v = - 41.4 m/s

The negative sign indicates the downward direction of motion.

Hence the speed of package comes out to be 41.4 m/s