What kinds of functions do orthodontists have to study in graduate school?

In graduate school, aspiring orthodontists should pursue a doctorate degree. The person can either choose the Doctor of Dental Medicine (D. M. D.) curriculum or the Doctor of Dental Surgery (D. D. S.) program. Both programs offer general medical topics, anatomy, dental morphology, oral radiology and dental occlusion. When they wish to proceed with a Post-doctoral degree, they study much more advanced topics such as craniofacial anatomy and orthodontic theory.