Sometimes actions by individuals make sense, but when this action is widespread (i. e., becomes collective behavior) it can have disastrous consequences. this is known as ...

The correct answer is Social Dilemma.

Social Dilemma refers to the occurrence of an event wherein an individual gains profit from his or her own selfishness, yet when groups of individuals tries the method as well, the result would affect the whole group to lose.

Social Dilemma can be seen in different subject fields, such as Economics, Political Science and Psychology as well.