In most spanish-speaking countries, married women legally __.

1. adopt their husbands' surnames

2. retain their maiden surnames

1. adopt their husbands' surnames

Explanation:

Married women legally adopt their husband's surname, similar to the Spanish naming customs practised over centuries and until the present.

The surname rules can have some exceptions but, generally speaking, the Hispanics in Latin America will have two given names, including a paternal (primer apellido or apellido paterno), and the maternal (segundo apellido or apellido materno) surnames.

When women are single, they use both surnames, and once they get married they will take the surname of the husband. This is an accepted and common practice that still exists today.

In some instances, she will be asked to provide her original maternal surname.