This is the political philosophy that stresses the importance of individual rights, liberty, many of the freedoms found in the U. S. Bill of Rights.

One of the first in the late 17th century, the English thinker John Locke (1632-1704) spoke about human rights; he believed that everyone from birth has the right to life, property, and freedom. The guarantors of these rights are firm laws and separation of powers. Supporters of John Locke in the school of natural law justified their theories with references to nature or God. But in this case, it is not the flawlessness of the substantiation of human rights that is important, but the fact that this issue was understood as socially significant - humanity has risen to the level of self-awareness, which recognizes the value of each "Self" and the equivalence of people's interests.