The psychologist who disagreed with Spearman about the nature of intelligence, identifying seven clusters of primary mental abilities rather than one general intelligence factor, was

Thurstone

Explanation:

While for Spearman, a single g factor which he saw as "general intelligence" or general mental energy was the key deterministic attribute that distinguishes intelligent people.

Thunderstone disagreed with Spearman, for him, intelligence is conceived as broader ingredients come to add: namely verbal comprehension, verbal fluency, spatial visualization, inductive reasoning, memory, and perceptual speed.

Thurstone was then mostly known for designing a different way to measure intelligence, and how IQ scores were ranked. This is known as the Thurstone scale.