A scientist is interested in the processes of cognitive change during childhood and decides to see how many words children of various ages can remember after one exposure to a list of words. What type of research is this scientist conducting?

Theoretical Research is the correct answer.

Differently from the Empirical Research, Theoretical Research takes place when the scientist decides to explore or discuss the research object on the basis of a system of beliefs or assumptions. They do not contain experimental data nor develop knowledge based on real experiences.