who are the thinkers who created new bodies of knowledge through teaching subjects such as history, political science, biology, and logic

Answer: Philosophers

Explanation: Philosophers simply refers to people who study or write about philosophy. They could be called lovers of wisdom as coined from the Greek word 'philosophos'.

They are individuals of great intellectual prowess who have contributed greatly in various fields of science such as biology, political science, mathematics and other branches of philosophy such as logic, aesthetics, ethics, epistemology.

Great Philosophers include Plato, Socrates, Aristotle, Pythagoras.