Makita studied the literature on binge drinking and discovered a pattern between gender and binge drinking that might be logically and theoretically expected. She then did her study of college students and drinking. Which approach is reflected?

Answer: deductive

Explanation: deductive approach is primary concerned with "developing a hypothesis (or hypotheses) based on existing theory, and then designing a research strategy to test the hypothesis. In a more simple term the process of reasoning from one or more statements to reach a logically certain conclusion is deductive approach. Makita reflected deductive reasoning and approach in her study by conducting her erase chapter on college students and drinking.