Based on an observation at a local fast-food restaurant, Dr. Colby predicts that more people will buy a hamburger if it is covered with cheese. This prediction is most accurately thought of as a

hypothesis

Explanation:

A hypothesis is a small and precise prediction about the study by the researchers. The prediction made by the researcher is testable. The explanation given relies on the facts which are known to the researcher but has not been proved through the research. The prediction of Dr. Colby about the sale of the hamburger is an example of a hypothesis.