1. How do scholars know that Indo-Aryans raised cattle and depended upon their milk, but later turned to agriculture?

A. Archaeologists have found evidence of the changes in tools used.

B. The Bhagavad-Gita tells of the ancient people's lifestyle.

C. The Vedas provide a record of how the Indo-Aryans lived.

D. DNA matches from people today are able to detect the change in diet in bone history.

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2. What is the order in which the caste system has changed in India?

A. Castes are rigid and inflexible; people are born into a caste and cannot leave it.

B. Discrimination based on caste is determined to be illegal.

C. A system of social classes based on birth evolved.

D. Castes are a prominent part of people's lives, but people may have been able to move around.

All the knowledge related to the Vedic Period (C. 1750-500 BCE) in which the Indo-Aryans brought specific religious tradition, plus their farming and agricultural practices to northern India - area in which they settled - is extracted from the Vedas. Known as the oldest scriptures in the Hindu religion, these historic records were composed by the Aryans in Sanskrit.

Answer to question 1 is C. The Vedas provide a record of how the Indo-Aryans lived.

Originated in Ancient India, the Castes are social structures in which people were (and still are although to a lesser extent) ranked, named, married, and were part of a family/group that provided certain obligations and a level of status, all of it just defined by birth.

The two main concepts behind the system are Varna (The established four main classes: Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras). The second concept is Jati: These are complex social groups that are not part of the higher level Varnas and are more flexible and diverse.

Answer to question 2 is C. A system of social classes based on birth evolved.