What ideas of einstein and freud challenged old ways of thinking?

It would be Einstein Relativity theory and Freud's idea of subconscious thought.

Explanation:

Before Freud introduced his theory, almost all experts in the field of psychology believe that our mind is only controlled by conscious force. The introduction of Freud's theory change experts analyze psychological problems. Einstein introduced the relativity theory that improve humans' understanding on how black holes interact with the universe