Which reform is most closely associated with

Turkish leader Kemal Atatürk?

(1) implementation of Sharia law

(2) introduction of Arabic script

(3) establishment of a communist government

(4) adoption of Western culture

Ataturk supported secularism (the separation of religion and the state organisation) in Turkey and sought to make Turkey more western for example by adopting Roman script.

The correct answer is 4).

The reason why 3) is incorrect is that Turkey was not a communist country before Ataturk's time - it was a monarchy (the Ottoman empire)