Jason adds the antibiotic penicillin to a bacterial culture. The bacteria develop genetic modifications in their genome, which gives them resistance to the antibiotic penicillin. What caused this genetic modification?

mutations to the DNA sequence

normal gene regulation

operon gene induction

RNA interference

The correct option is A.

The use of antibacterial drugs can cause modifications in the genetic material of the concerned bacteria. If the genetic material of the bacteria are modify, that means they have undergone mutation. Because the base sequence of the normal and that of the mutated gene is different, antibiotic will not be able to recognize the bacteria again and thus will not be able to attack it.