Ribosomal proteins are the same in all cell types.

a. True

b. False

The best answer to the question: Ribosomal proteins are the same in all cell types, would be: True.

Explanation:

Ribosomes are cell components that are built from proteins and RNA. Their task is to assemble on an mRNA strand and from the code embedded in that strand, code for aminoacids that are carried in the ribosome itself. The one who establishes what type of protein will be produced in the ribosome is the mRNA code, and a series of control processes.

Essentially, both prokaryotic cells and eukariotic cells (like ours) have ribosomes because these elemental organelles in the cell are the ones responsible for assembling proteins, which in the end are the molecules that ensure organisms are able to function. Because their basic function is to code for aminoacids that will build polypeptide chains, and the process for protein formation is basically standardized in both types of cells, the structure of ribosomes does not change depending on the cell where they are found.

In eukaryotes, for example, it has been established that all ribosomes are essentially formed of two subunits, an upper one made of 60 subunits and an bottom one with a smaller chain called a 40-s or 40 subunits. In Prokaryotes the number of subunits on both the top and bottom are a bit smaller than in eukaryotes but for all intents and purposes the differences are very small.

b. False

Explanation:

"Ribosomes are highly conserved molecular machines whose core composition has traditionally been regarded as invariant. However, recent studies have reported intriguing differences in the expression of some ribosomal proteins (RPs) across tissues and highly specific effects on the translation of individual mRNAs.

[ ... ] an unanticipated plasticity of RP expression across normal and malignant human cell types and provides a foundation for future characterization of cellular behaviors that are orchestrated by specific RPs"

Reference: Guimaraes, Joao C, and Mihaela Zavolan. "Patterns of Ribosomal Protein Expression Specify Normal and Malignant Human Cells." Genome Biology, BioMed Central, 24 Nov. 2016