What is substrate level phosphorylation? Where does it occur and what is substrate in it

- Substrate-level phosphorylation is a reaction process that leads to the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or guanosine triphosphate (GTP) by adding high energy substrate or phosphorylated intermediate from a substrate to ADP or GDP.

- Substrate level phosphorylation can occur in the cytoplasm and/or the mitochondrial matrix during glycolysis or Krebs cycle respectively.

- Example in glycolysis

From phosphoenol Pyruvate (PEP) to Pyruvate, PEP here is a substrate where the phosphate group can be added to ADP to form ATP catalyzed by an enzyme.

The

It is type of phosphorylation in which ATP is directly formed by combing ADP with Pi. It occurs in Glycolysis and Kreb cycle. 1 3 BisPhosphoglycerate is substrate in Glycolysis and Succinyl CoA acts as substratte in Kreb cycle.