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23 April, 22:27

1. Walking through the forest, you find a large population of toadstools. From your extensive knowledge of the kingdom fungi, you know that the allele for being spotted (S) is dominant over the allele for being plain (s). In this population of 1007, you find 14 toadstools that are not spotted. What are the allele frequencies? In a different forest, you find a somewhat smaller population of 549. Through genetic testing, you determine that there are 308 homozygous spotted, 206 heterozygous, and 34 homozygous plain toadstools. Is this what you expected? If not, what are the allele frequencies of this population?

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  1. 24 April, 00:10
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    No, observed and expected frequencies are different.

    Observed frequencies: p2 = 0.56, 2pq = 0.375, q2 = 0.062

    Expected frequencies: p2 = 0.774, 2pq = 0.211, q2 = 0.014

    Explanation:

    Given frequency of recessive genotype (q2) = 14 / 1006 = 0.0139

    Frequency of recessive allele s (q) = square root of 0.0139 = 0.12

    Frequency of dominant allele S (p) = 1-q = 1-0.12 = 0.88

    Expected frequency of homozygous recessive genotype = 0.12 x 0.12 = 0.014

    Expected frequency of homozygous dominant genotype = 0.88 x 0.88 = 0.774

    Expected frequency of heterozygous dominant genotype = 2pq = 2 x 0.88 x 0.12 = 0.211

    Observed frequencies in population 2

    Observed frequency of homozygous dominant genotype = 308 / 549 = 0.56

    Observed frequency of heterozygous dominant genotype = 206 / 549 = 0.375

    Observed frequency of homozygous recessive genotype = 34 / 549 = 0.062

    Observed frequencies do not match with expected frequencies.
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