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23 December, 06:23

A reaction occurs in a mixture of 2 liters of hydrogen gas and 3 liters of chlorine gas. How many liters of hydrochloric gas are produced? Which is the excess and by how much?

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  1. 23 December, 08:54
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    We will produce 4.0 L of hydrochloric gas

    Chlorine gas is the excess. There will remain 1.0 L

    Explanation:

    Step 1: Data given

    Volume o H2 = 2.0 L

    Volume of Cl2 = 3.0 L

    Step 2: The balanced equation

    H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

    Step 3: Calculate moles

    22.4 = 1 mol

    2.0L H2 = 0.0893 moles H2

    3.0 L Cl2 = 0.134 moles Cl2

    Step 4: Calculate limiting reactant

    For 1 mol H2 we need 2 moles Cl2 to produce 2 moles HCl

    H2 has the smallest amount of moles so it's the limiting reactant.

    It will completely be consumed (0.0893 moles)

    Cl2 is in excess. There reacts 0.0893 moles

    There will remain 0.134 - 0.0893 = 0.0447 moles

    This is 0.0447 * 22.4 = 1.0 L

    Step 5: Calculate moles HCl

    For 1 mol H2 we need 2 moles Cl2 to produce 2 moles HCl

    For 0.0893 moles H2 we'll have 2*0.0893 = 0.1786 moles HCl

    Step 6: Calculate volume HCl

    1 mol = 22.4 L

    0.1786 moles = 4 L

    We will produce 4.0 L of hydrochloric gas

    Chlorine gas is the excess. There will remain 1.0 L
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