Two different atoms have six protons each and the same mass. However, one has a negative charge while the other has a positive charge. Describe what each atomic structure could be, listing the possible number and location of all subatomic particles.

If the atoms have 6 protons both are carbon atoms. And the protons are in the nucleus.

If both have the same mass that's means that both have the same number of protons. With out the value of the mass we can not calculate the number of protons. The neutrons as equal than the protons are in the nucleus.

The one that has a negative charge has 7 electrons. The electron configuration will be 1s2, 2s2, 2p3.

The one that has a positive charge has 5 electrons. The electron configuration will be 1s2, 2s2, 2p1.

Let the two atoms be A and B having same number of protons and same mass number.

Given number of protons is 6

Number of protons in A = 6

Number of protons in B = 6

Mass = number of proton + number of neutron

Since the mass is same therefore we can say that the number of neutrons in both the atoms A and B is also same.

Now for a neutral atom, we know that number of proton = number of electron

Therefore, number of electron on A = 6 electron

number of electron on A = 6 electron

Let, A be negatively charged, so atom A gains one extra electron and therefore the number of electrons on A is 7

and B is positively charged, so atom B looses one electron, so the number of electrons on A is 5.

Electronic configuration for A is 1s2 2s2 2p3

Electronic configuration for B is 1s2 2s2 2p1

So this will be the location of each number of electrons in their respective shells for the two atoms A and B.