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18 October, 08:39

What is collision theory?

How does it relate to factors that affect reaction rate?

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Answers (1)
  1. 18 October, 10:28
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    Collision theory is a theory proposed

    independently by [1] Max Trautz in 1916 and

    William Lewis in 1918, that qualitatively explains

    how chemical reactions occur and why reaction

    rates differ for different reactions. [2] The

    collision theory states that when suitable

    particles of the reactant hit each other, only a

    certain percentage of the collisions cause any

    noticeable or significant chemical change; these

    successful changes are called successful

    collisions. The successful collisions have enough

    energy, also known as activation energy, at the

    moment of impact to break the preexisting

    bonds and form all new bonds. This results in the

    products of the reaction. Increasing the

    concentration of the reactant particles or

    raising the temperature, thus bringing about

    more collisions and therefore many more

    successful collisions, increases the rate of

    reaction.

    When a catalyst is involved in the collision

    between the reactant molecules, less energy is

    required for the chemical change to take place,

    and hence more collisions have sufficient energy

    for reaction to occur. The reaction rate

    therefore increases.

    Collision theory is closely related to chemical

    kinetics.
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