Islamic dynasty that ruled India from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries; the construction of the Taj Mahal is representative of their splendor; with the exception of the enlightened reign of Akbar, the increasing conflict between Hindus and Muslims was another of their legacies. Name it.

The Mughul empire.

Explanation:

The most renowned and influential dynasties that the world could have ever seen started from the emergence of "Babur" as the founder of "the Mughul Empire" inside the Sub-continent in the early 1300's. As, he had his armies and covered the face of the region in all his powers defeating the then king Ibrahim lodhi. The Mughul empire experienced one of the most amazing and powerful centuries inside the region. As, there was less to fear for the empire in the region while most of the small states and kingdoms were allies of the emperor. But, it was in the year 1800 when the last Mughul kings were left with nothing more then just there precious jewels and castle. As the British raided the area and the East India came to the region bringing new possibilities to explore the region and develop it in to some thing more then just a "Golden Bird". It was that time when the two nation ideology came to play after the British rule wanted to vacate the region due to heavy losses felt during the World War I, as they thought of better way to control the region by divide and rule theory. Or else the different communities were living together with out having any major issues but it was then when all of the issues were over exaggerated and different pathways were under taken to execute the whole process.