What was the biggest effect on the Columbia exchange on Europe

The Columbian exchange of crops affected both the Old World and the New. Amerindian crops that have crossed oceans-for example, maize to China and the white potato to Ireland-have been stimulants to population growth in the Old World. The latter’s crops and livestock have had much the same effect in the Americas-for example, wheat in Kansas and the Pampa, and beef cattle in Texas and Brazil. The full story of the exchange is many volumes long, so for the sake of brevity and clarity let us focus on a specific region, the eastern third of the United States of America.