Friends of the Court documents filed by interested parties to encourage the Court to grant or deny certiorari, or to urge the Court to decide a case in a certain way refers to

Amicus Curae Brief

Explanation:

A person who is not party to a case and gives information that can affect the case but has not been asked by any of the parties to do so is called amicus curae. While an amicus curiae brief is a written submission to a court in which amicus curiae sets out recommendations and legal argument. The decision to accept an amicus brief lies within the discretion of court. Recent example of amicus curiae brief was in the court case Obergefell v. Hodges (2015). In this case US supreme court ruled that same sex couple throughout the US can enjout the fundamental right to marry.

Amicus curiae originated in roman law and was later adapted by British and for there it spread around the world.