3 A wave that forms a stationary pattern in

which portions of the wave do not move and

other portions move with a large amplitude

Answer: Standing Waves.

Explanation: This type of wave is called a "Standing Wave", those are waves that oscilate with the time, but the amplitude profile does not move (the peaks do not move)

The first observation of these waves was done by Faraday, in the surface of a liquid in a vibrating container. This type of waves can happen in cases where the medium is moving in the oposite sense with respect to the wave.

Standing wave

Explanation:

a wave that forms a stationary pattern in which portions of the wave do not move and other portions move with a large amplitude. Resonance - What occurs when a an object vibrating at or near a resonant frequency of a second object causes the second object to vibrate.