The work of researchers like loftus on errors in memory suggests that memory is best viewed as

The answer is b. a reconstruction of events

According to Loftus, people's emotion, principles, and perception toward a certain event could affect the way they remember those events. Which is why she proposed that memory is best viewed as a reconstruction of events.

For example, when a child is experiencing child abuse, that child's brain could completely eliminate any recollection of the abuse in order to protect him/her from extreme emotional distress. Which is why such a victim often find it really hard to reconstruct the events when they're in court.