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21 June, 13:30

The velocity of a 640-kg auto is changed from 10.0 m/s to 44.0 m/s in 71.0 s by an external, constant force. (a) What is the resulting change in momentum of the car? kg · m/s (b) What is the magnitude of the force? N

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  1. 21 June, 16:26
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    (a) change in momentum of the car = 21760 kgm/s

    (b) The magnitude of the force = 306.48 N

    Explanation:

    (a)

    Change in momentum: This is the product of mass and change in velocity. The unit of momentum is kgm/s. It can be expressed mathematically as,

    Change in momentum of the car = m (v-u) ... Equation 1

    Where m = mass of the car, v = final velocity of the car, u = initial velocity of the car.

    Given: m = 640 kg, v = 44.0 m/s, u = 10.0 m/s.

    Substituting these values into equation 1,

    Change in momentum of the car = 640 (44-10)

    change in momentum of the car = 640 * 34

    change in momentum of the car = 21760 kgm/s

    change in momentum of the car = 21760 kgm/s

    (b) Force: Force of a body can be defined as the product of mass and its acceleration. It is measured in Newton (N). It can be expressed mathematically as,

    Force = ma ... Equation 2

    Or

    Force = m (v-u) / t ... Equation 3

    Where m = mass of the car, v = final velocity of the car, u = initial velocity of the car, a = acceleration of the car, t = time taken to change the velocity.

    Given: m = 640 kg, u = 10.0 m/s v = 44 m/s, t = 71 s.

    Substituting these values into equation 3

    Force = 640 (44-10) / 71

    Force = (640*34) / 71

    Force = 306.48 N

    The magnitude of the force = 306.48 N
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